Deviance-13134
Law Enforcement and Juvenile Crime
Juvenile Crime: Male and Female
Gender explanations for patterns of crime
U.S. Dept. of Justice: Bureau of Justice Statistics
National Profile of the Female Offender
Inmate population and crime statistics highlights
Juvenile Female Offenders: a status of the states report
White collar crime (otherwise known as crime in suits): also known as business/economic and political crime, tends to be civil law (regulates economic affairs between private parties), crimes committed by people of high social position in the course of their occupations, rarely involve violence, involve significant public harm, victimizes everyone and no one, economic costs spread over large population; estimate of cost: 200 billion, 14 x cost of street crime
Types of white collar crime:
- Workplace crime: crimes against employers by employees for individual gain
- Occupational crime: an individual or group’s illegal use of their professional position to secure something of value, found at all levels of the labor force, e.g. fraud;
- Organizational crime: decision-makers of a corporation or government engage in illegal activity for corporate or organizational advantage as opposed to personal gain, terrorism, selling products which are known to be unsafe or defective
- Strategic bankruptcy: company is successfully sued, declares bankruptcy and thus avoids having to pay up and co. is then reorganized into new co. which is clear of personal/co. liabilities (US legal system tends to protect organizations & private property against acts of individuals rather than protecting individuals and nation from organizations;
- Patriotic crime: crimes committed in the name of achieving important national goals, actions taken outside legitimate channels, e.g. violation of international law, “protecting” national security, undeclared warfare, false imprisonment, failure to regulate pollution, tax laws
Internet Fraud Complaint Center
Types of White Collar Crime and Schemes
Measurement of White Collar Crime (FBI)
Blue collar (otherwise known as crimes in the streets): tends to be criminal law (individual’s moral responsibility to society), easier to detect, values of US influenced by dominant groups & institutions so public’s attention is directed towards crimes committed by those in subordinate groups, people more afraid of these crimes, more sensational crimes, pressure on police due to fear
Types of blue collar crime:
- Juvenile
- Crimes against the person: involves violence or the threat of violence against others, violent including homicide and non-negligent manslaughter, forcible rape, robbery and aggravated assault;
- Crimes against property: involve theft of goods belonging to others, including burglary, larceny-theft, motor vehicle theft, and arson;
- Victimless crime: violation of laws in which there are no readily apparent victims, a misnomer, including prostitution, gambling and drug abuse;