When the Emperor Was Divine
Language Arts Department
Normal West High School
Ms. Ecker & Mr. Harrington
General Resources

SIRS Decades: Japanese American Interment Resources

Japanese American Internment

Children of the Camps by PBS

Executive Order 9066

What led to the internment of Japanese civilians in the western U.S., how was the plan carried out and why? 

The Decision To Evacuate the Japanese From the Pacific Coast
Lt. Gen. J. L. DeWitt's Final Report; Japanese Evacuation from the West Coast 1942.
Executive Order 9066: The Internment of 110,000 Japanese Americans
The Secret Munson Report
Executive Order 9066

Japanese Internment Camps

Japanese living in America were rounded up and sent to internment camps, where they lived in barracks.  These were not spies, collaborationists, or sympathizers; they were Americans. What were the conditions in the camps?  What did the people do while they were imprisoned?

Confinement and Ethnicity: Overview of WWII Japanese Relocation Camps
Terminology of World War II Japanese American Removal from the West Coast of the United States
Children of the Camps
Poignant Memories: Relocation to Internment Camp
Densho: The Japanese American Legacy Project
Japanese American Exhibit and Access Project
Dorothea Lange - Camp photos
Asian-Nation: Asian American History, Demographics, and Issues
War Relocation Camps in Arizona 1942 - 1946
Japanese-American Internment in WWII Photographs Exhibit
Fort Missoula Federal Detention Center
Manzanar
Evacuation and Internment of San Francisco Japanese
Japanese American Network

Shintoism

Dominant religious philosophy in Japan before and during World War II.  It believed the emperor divine, and was instrumental in the Japanese battle tactics and philosophy of war.

Shinto Homepage
What is Shinto?
Shintoism

Emperor Hirohito

Japanese people believed Hirohito was a god.  What role did he play in the decision to attack the United States?  What was his function during World War II?  What happened to him at the end of the war?

Time 100: Emperor Hirohito
American Experience: Emperor Hirohito
Hirohito - Asia Biography
Emperor Hirohito - Image gallery

Kamikaze

The divine wind” strategy to turn the tide of battle in the Pacific war.  Where did this idea originate?  Why were these young men willing to crash their planes into United States naval vessels and die?

Japanese suicide attacks at sea
Suicide Tactics: The Kamikaze During WWII
Kamikaze: Notes from a suicide manual
Thunder Gods and Kamikazes: the suicide air offensives of World War II

Japanese Immigration to America

Japanese people began immigrating long before World War II.  Why did these people move to America?  How did they survive once they arrived?  How did they contribute to their new homeland?

The Japanese Immigration
The History of Japanese Immigration
A History of Japanese Americans in California

Japanese attacks on American West Coast

 Submarine attacks and aerial attacks were feared by the civilian and military populations of the West Coast.  How real were those fears?  What types of attacks did the Japanese actually launch?  Were they successful?

The Japanese Balloon Bomb Attack at Alturas

The Japanese Balloon Bomb Attack at Hayfork
The Attack on the SS in Agwiwold
The Attack on the SS Emidio
The Attack on the Samoa
The Attack on the  Larry Doheny
The Attack on the  Dorothey Phillips
The Attack on the  SS H. M. Storey
The Attacks on the SS Montebello and the SS Idaho
The Attacks on the SS Barbara Olson and SS Absoroka
The Shelling of Ellwood
The Battle of Los Angeles

Women in WW II

With most of the men fighting overseas, women’s role in society changed.  They weren’t simply housewives, but factory workers, pilots, nurses, and served their country in many ways unheard of  in pre-WW II America.

What did you do in the war Grandma?
American Women's History: World War II
A People at War: Women Who Served
Women and the Home Front During World War II
Women of the OSS
War, Women and Opportunity
Women in World War II
WASP on the Web
Women come to the Front
Contributions of Women & Ethnic/Racial Groups to the U. S. Army
War, Women and Opportunity
Women's History and Impact on the World
Rationing

With raw materials and processed goods fueling the war effort, many items at home were rationed, such as rubber, gum, tobacco, and food items.  How did people stretch their rationed items and still feed and clothe their families?

 

War Time Rations
War Rations Book
Pictures of Ration Books
World War II Rationing
War Time Recipe
War Time Rationing
Food Rationing in World War 2
German and Italian Internment

Not only were the Japanese rounded up and sent to internment camps, but German-Americans and Italian Americans also were imprisoned.  Why?  These were American citizens. 

World War II - The internment of German American civilians
Fact Sheet on Internment of Italian Americans
Internment of German Americans
German-American Internment
German and Austro-Hungarian Internment
Italian American Internment
'Secret' of WWII: Italian-Americans forced to move
Italian and Italian American Internment
WWII - Italian American Internment
Japanese American Soldiers
in World War II
Japanese American Soldiers Valiant
Japanese American Soldiers
442 Regimental Combat Team
Go For Broke: The 442nd Regimental Combat Team
Go for Broke
History - 442nd RT

      updated 8 January 2008 by Karen Slabe